Kashipur, Uttarakhand
“Kashipur, where history echoes through ancient ruins and modern growth, stands as a testament to the resilience and spirit of Uttarakhand.”
Kashipur is a city located in the Udham Singh Nagar district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. Situated in the western part of the district, it holds the distinction of being Kumaon’s third most populous city and the sixth most populous city in Uttarakhand. According to the 2011 Census, the population of Kashipur is 121,623, with the broader Kashipur Tehsil housing 283,136 people. Known for its historical significance, cultural richness, and educational advancements, Kashipur is a city with a vibrant past and a promising future.
Historical Background
Kashipur has a deep-rooted history that dates back to ancient times. During the reign of Harsha (606–647 AD), the region was known as Govishana. The ancient settlement of Govishana can still be seen through the ruins near the city. Famous Chinese traveler Xuanzang, who visited India in the 7th century, described the city as having a lofty position, surrounded by groves, tanks, and fishponds. The town’s strategic location and rich history contributed to its prominence in ancient trade, particularly in clothes and metal vessels.
The modern town of Kashipur was founded by Kashinath Adhikari, who was the governor of the Tarai region under King Devi Chand of Champawat. Kashinath Adhikari laid the foundations of the city in the early 18th century, and it has since grown into an important urban center. However, there are varying opinions about the exact date of the town’s foundation. Some historical records suggest it was founded around 1718 by Kashinath Adhikari, while other accounts point to 1639. Bishop Heber, in his travel writings, even attributed the city’s foundation to a deity named Kashi, claiming it to be about 5,000 years old.
Rule of the Kings
Historically, Kashipur was part of the Kumaon region and ruled by the Chand Kings. The city was governed by the Rathore dynasty of Rajputs, with various rulers leaving their mark on its history. The first king of Kashipur was Raja Guman Singh, who became the ruler after the estate was handed over to him by the King of Kumaon. The last king of Kashipur, Raja Hari Chand Raj Singh, regained the titular throne of Kumaon during British rule.
The city’s rulers were closely tied to the political landscape of Kumaon, and Kashipur played a pivotal role in the region’s governance. In the 18th century, Kashipur was ceded to the British following the Treaty of Sugauli in 1801, marking the beginning of British control over the region. During the Anglo-Gorkha War in 1815, Kashipur played an important role in the conquest of Kumaon.
British Influence and Modern Era
After being ceded to the British, Kashipur became the headquarters of the Terai district in the Kumaon division. The town continued to grow under British rule and was officially recognized as a municipality in 1872. It was later upgraded to a Municipal Corporation on January 26, 2013.
In the 19th century, the area’s revenue divisions were reorganized, and Kashipur became part of the Moradabad district in 1837. The city’s administrative significance continued to evolve over the years, with Kashipur eventually being made the headquarters of the Tarai district.
Kashipur Today
Today, Kashipur is not only a historical landmark but also a hub for education, business, and tourism. It is home to the prestigious Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Kashipur, one of the thirteen IIMs set up by the Indian government during the Eleventh Five-year Plan. The establishment of IIM Kashipur has significantly enhanced the city’s academic profile and attracted students and professionals from across the country.
Kashipur continues to grow and modernize while preserving its cultural heritage. It remains an important city in the Kumaon region, with a thriving local economy, bustling markets, and a rich historical legacy. From ancient ruins to colonial-era buildings, the city’s landscape reflects its historical journey, making it an intriguing destination for history enthusiasts and travelers alike.
Kashipur, with its blend of history, culture, and modern advancements, is a prime example of a city that has evolved through the centuries. Whether it’s the ancient ruins of Govishana, the legacy of its kings, or the educational excellence offered by institutions like IIM Kashipur, the city represents the rich tapestry of Uttarakhand’s history and its promising future. A visit to Kashipur offers a chance to explore the region’s royal past, ancient traditions, and contemporary growth.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Kashipur
Where is Kashipur located?
Kashipur is located in the western part of the Udham Singh Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is the third most populous city in the Kumaon region.
What is the population of Kashipur?
As per the 2011 Census, the population of Kashipur is 121,623 for the city and 283,136 for the Kashipur Tehsil.
What is the historical significance of Kashipur?
Kashipur, historically known as Govishana, has a rich past dating back to ancient times. It was described by the Chinese traveler Xuanzang in the 7th century and was an important center for trade. It was later ruled by the Chand Kings and played a significant role during the Anglo-Gorkha War.
Who founded Kashipur?
Kashipur was founded by Kashinath Adhikari, the governor of Tarai under King Devi Chand of Champawat in the early 18th century. The town’s foundation date is debated, with some records stating it was founded around 1718.
What role did Kashipur play in the British era?
After being ceded to the British in 1801, Kashipur became the headquarters of the Terai district in Kumaon. It played an important role in the conquest of Kumaon and continued to evolve under British rule.
What is the significance of IIM Kashipur?
IIM Kashipur is a prestigious educational institution in the city, one of the thirteen Indian Institutes of Management established by the Indian government. It offers world-class education in management and has contributed to the city’s development.
What are the key landmarks in Kashipur?
Some of the key landmarks in Kashipur include historical sites such as the ruins of the ancient city of Govishana, the famous Vishnu Trivikrama stone sculpture, and the architectural remnants of the Chand dynasty’s rule.
What is the climate like in Kashipur?
Kashipur experiences a subtropical climate with hot summers, mild winters, and moderate rainfall during the monsoon season. The temperature can rise up to 40°C in the summer, while winters are cooler with temperatures around 10°C.
How is the connectivity to Kashipur?
Kashipur is well-connected by road, with regular bus services from nearby cities such as Haldwani, Rudrapur, and Nainital. The city is also accessible by rail, with the Kashipur railway station linking it to major cities in Uttarakhand and neighboring states.
What is the economy of Kashipur based on?
The economy of Kashipur is diverse, with agriculture, trade, and education being major contributors. The city has a growing industrial base, with several industries in manufacturing and production. IIM Kashipur has also fostered an influx of businesses and professionals in the region.
What are the nearby tourist attractions?
Kashipur is surrounded by several tourist destinations, including the Jim Corbett National Park, Nainital, and Ranikhet. The city also offers a glimpse into the Kumaoni culture with its temples, festivals, and local markets.
How is the educational infrastructure in Kashipur?
Kashipur boasts a number of educational institutions, including schools, colleges, and IIM Kashipur, which is a renowned management institute. The city is rapidly becoming an educational hub in the Kumaon region.
What is the best time to visit Kashipur?
The best time to visit Kashipur is during the winter months, from October to March, when the weather is pleasant and ideal for sightseeing and exploring the city’s historical landmarks.
How did Kashipur get its name?
Kashipur is believed to have been named after Kashinath Adhikari, the founder of the town. There are also legends that suggest the town was named after a deity named Kashi, but historical records mainly attribute the name to Kashinath Adhikari.
